Sejarah Kelam Kekejian Gerakan 30 September PKI Atau G30 S PKI

Sejarah Kelam Kekejian Gerakan 30 September PKI Atau G30 S PKI

Senior High School   October 01, 2019

MENOLAK LUPA...

*INILAH SEJARAH YANG TIDAK BOLEH DILUPAKAN OLEH KITA SEMUA*

SEJARAH KEKEJIAN G30 S PKI 

*Tgl 31 Oktober 1948 :*

Muso dieksekusi di Desa Niten Kecamatan Sumorejo Kabupaten Ponorogo. Sedang MH.Lukman dan Nyoto pergi ke Pengasingan di Republik Rakyat China (RRC).

*Akhir November 1948 :*

Seluruh Pimpinan PKI Muso berhasil dibunuh atau ditangkap, dan Seluruh Daerah yg semula dikuasai PKI berhasil direbut, antara lain : Ponorogo, Magetan, Pacitan, Purwodadi, Cepu, Blora, Pati, Kudus, dan lainnya.

*Tgl 19 Desember 1948*

Agresi Militer Belanda kedua ke Yogyakarta.

*Tahun 1949 :* 

PKI tetap Tidak Dilarang, sehingga tahun 1949 dilakukan Rekontruksi PKI dan tetap tumbuh berkembang hingga tahun 1965.

*Awal Januari 1950 :*

Pemerintah RI dengan disaksikan puluhan ribu masyarakat yang datang dari berbagai daerah seperti Magetan, Madiun, Ngawi, Ponorogo dan Trenggalek, melakukan Pembongkaran 7 (Tujuh) Sumur Neraka PKI dan mengidentifikasi Para Korban. Di Sumur Neraka Soco I ditemukan 108 Kerangka Mayat yg 68 dikenali dan 40 tidak dikenali, sedang di Sumur Neraka Soco II ditemukan 21 Kerangka Mayat yang semuanya berhasil diidentifikasi. Para Korban berasal dari berbagai Kalangan Ulama dan Umara serta Tokoh Masyarakat.

*Tahun 1950 :* 

PKI memulai kembali kegiatan penerbitan Harian Rakyat dan Bintang Merah.

*Tgl 6 Agustus 1951 :*

Gerombolan Eteh dari PKI menyerbu Asrama Brimob di Tanjung Priok dan merampas semua Senjata Api yang ada.

Tahun 1951 : 

Dipa Nusantara Aidit memimpin PKI sebagai Partai Nasionalis yang sepenuhnya mendukung Presiden Soekarno sehingga disukai Soekarno, lalu Lukman dan Nyoto pun kembali dari pengasingan untuk membantu DN Aidit membangun kembali PKI.

*Tahun 1955 :* 

PKI ikut Pemilu Pertama di Indonesia dan berhasil masuk empat Besar setelah MASYUMI, PNI dan NU.

*Tgl 8-11 September 1957 :* 

Kongres Alim Ulama Seluruh Indonesia di Palembang–Sumatera Selatan Mengharamkan Ideologi Komunis dan mendesak Presiden Soekarno untuk mengeluarkan Dekrit Pelarangan PKI dan semua Mantel organisasinya, tapi ditolak oleh Soekarno.

*Tahun 1958 :*

Kedekatan Soekarno dengan PKI mendorong Kelompok Anti PKI di Sumatera dan Sulawesi melakukan koreksi hingga melakukan Pemberontakan terhadap Soekarno. Saat itu MASYUMI dituduh terlibat, karena Masyumi merupakan MUSUH BESAR PKI.

*Tgl 15 Februari 1958 :*

Para pemberontak di Sumatera dan Sulawesi Mendeklarasikan Pemerintah Revolusioner Republik Indonesia (PRRI), namun Pemberontakan ini berhasil dikalahkan dan dipadamkan.

*Tanggal 11 Juli 1958 :*

DN Aidit dan Rewang mewakili PKI ikut Kongres Partai Persatuan Sosialis Jerman di Berlin.

*Bulan Agustus 1959 :*

TNI berusaha menggagalkan Kongres PKI, namun Kongres tersebut tetap berjalan karena ditangani sendiri oleh Presiden Soekarno.

*Tahun 1960 :* 

Soekarno meluncurkan Slogan NASAKOM (Nasional, Agama dan Komunis) yang didukung penuh oleh PNI, NU dan PKI. Dengan demikian PKI kembali terlembagakan sebagai bagian dari Pemerintahan RI.

*Tgl 17 Agustus 1960 :*

Atas desakan dan tekanan PKI terbit Keputusan Presiden RI No.200 Th.1960 tertanggal 17 Agustus 1960 tentang "PEMBUBARAN MASYUMI (Majelis Syura Muslimin Indonesia)" dengan dalih tuduhan keterlibatan Masyumi dalam Pemberotakan PRRI, padahal hanya karena ANTI NASAKOM.

*Medio Tahun 1960 :* Departemen Luar Negeri AS melaporkan bahwa PKI semakin kuat dengan keanggotaan mencapai 2 Juta orang.

*Bulan Maret 1962 :* 

PKI resmi masuk dalam Pemerintahan Soekarno, DN Aidit dan Nyoto diangkat oleh Soekarno sebagai Menteri Penasehat.

*Bulan April 1962 :*

Kongres PKI.

Tahun 1963 : 

PKI Memprovokasi Presiden Soekarno untuk Konfrontasi dengan Malaysia, dan mengusulkan dibentuknya Angkatan Kelima yang terdiri dari BURUH dan TANI untuk dipersenjatai dengan dalih ”Mempersenjatai Rakyat untuk Bela Negara” melawan Malaysia.

*Tgl 10 Juli 1963 :* 

Atas desakan dan tekanan PKI terbit Keputusan Presiden RI No.139 th.1963 tertanggal 10 Juli 1963 tentang PEMBUBARAN GPII (Gerakan Pemuda Islam Indonesia), lagi-lagi hanya karena ANTI NASAKOM.

*Tahun 1963 :* 

Atas desakan dan tekanan PKI terjadi penangkapan Tokoh-Tokoh Masyumi dan GPIIserta Ulama Anti PKI, antara lain : KH.Buya Hamka, KH.Yunan Helmi Nasution, KH.Isa Anshari, KH.Mukhtar Ghazali, KH.EZ. Muttaqien, KH.Soleh Iskandar, KH.Ghazali Sahlan dan KH.Dalari Umar.

*Bulan Desember 1964 :*

Chaerul Saleh Pimpinan Partai MURBA (Musyawarah Rakyat Banyak) yang didirikan oleh mantan Pimpinan PKI, Tan Malaka, menyatakan bahwa PKI sedang menyiapkan KUDETA.

*Tgl 6 Januari 1965 :*

Atas Desakan dan Tekanan PKI terbit Surat Keputusan Presiden RI No.1/KOTI/1965 tertanggal 6 Januari 1965 tentang PEMBEKUAN PARTAI MURBA, dengan dalih telah Memfitnah PKI.

*Tgl 13 Januari 1965 :* Dua Sayap PKI yaitu PR (Pemuda Rakyat) dan BTI (Barisan Tani Indonesia) Menyerang dan Menyiksa Peserta Training PII (Pelajar Islam Indonesia) di Desa Kanigoro Kecamatan Kras Kabupaten Kediri, sekaligus melecehkan Pelajar Wanitanya, dan juga merampas sejumlah Mushaf Al-Qur’an dan merobek serta menginjak-injaknya.

Awal Tahun 1965 : 

PKI dengan 3 Juta Anggota menjadi Partai Komunis terkuat di luar Uni Soviet dan RRT. PKI memiliki banyak Ormas, antara lain : SOBSI (Serikat Organisasi Buruh Seluruh Indonesia), Pemuda Rakjat, Gerwani (Gerakan Wanita Indonesia) BTI (Barisan Tani Indonesia), LEKRA (Lembaga Kebudayaan Rakjat) dan HSI (Himpunan Sardjana Indonesia).

*Tgl 14 Mei 1965 :* 

Tiga Sayap Organisasi PKI yaitu PR, BTI dan GERWANI merebut Perkebunan Negara di Bandar Betsi, Pematang Siantar, Sumatera Utara, dgn Menangkap dan Menyiksa serta Membunuh Pelda Soedjono penjaga PPN (Perusahaan Perkebunan Negara) Karet IX Bandar Betsi.

*Bulan Juli 1965 :* 

PKI menggelar Pelatihan Militer untuk 2000 anggota'y di Pangkalan Udara Halim dengan dalih ”Mempersenjatai Rakyat untuk Bela Negara”.

*Tgl 21 September 1965*:

Atas desakan dan tekanan PKI terbit Keputusan Presiden RI No.291 th.1965 tertanggal 21 September 1965 tentang PEMBUBARAN PARTAI MURBA, karena sangat memusuhi PKI.

*Tgl 30 September 1965 Pagi :* 

Ormas PKI Pemuda Rakyat dan Gerwani menggelar Demo Besar di Jakarta.

*Tgl 30 September 1965 Malam :* 

Terjadi Gerakan G30S/PKI atau disebut  GESTAPU (Gerakan September Tiga Puluh) : PKI Menculik dan Membunuh 6 (enam) Jenderal Senior TNI AD di Jakarta dan membuang mayatnya ke dalam sumur di LUBANG BUAYA Halim, mereka adalah : Jenderal Ahmad Yani, Letjen R.Suprapto, Letjen MT.Haryono, Letjen S.Parman, Mayjen Panjaitan dan Mayjen Sutoyo Siswomiharjo. PKI juga menculik dan membunuh Kapten Pierre Tendean karena dikira Jenderal Abdul Haris Nasution. PKI pun membunuh AIP KS Tubun seorang Ajun Inspektur Polisi yang sedang bertugas menjaga Rumah Kediaman Wakil PM Dr.J.Leimena yang bersebelahan dgn Rumah Jenderal AH.Nasution. 

PKI juga menembak Putri Bungsu Jenderal AH.Nasution yang baru berusia 5 (lima) tahun, *Ade Irma Suryani Nasution*, yang berusaha menjadi Perisai Ayahandanya dari tembakan PKI, kemudian ia terluka tembak dan akhirnya wafat pada tanggal 6 Oktober 1965.

G30S/PKI dipimpin oleh Letnan Kolonel Untung yang membentuk tiga kelompok gugus tugas penculikan, yaitu : Pasukan Pasopati dipimpin Lettu Dul Arief, dan Pasukan Pringgondani dipimpin Mayor Udara Sujono, serta Pasukan Bima Sakti dipimpin Kapten Suradi. Selain Letkol Untung dan kawan-kawan, PKI didukung oleh sejumlah Perwira ABRI (TNI/Polri) dari berbagai Angkatan, antara lain : Angkatan Darat : Mayjen TNI Pranoto Reksosamudro, Brigjen TNI Soepardjo dan Kolonel Infantri A. Latief. Angkatan Laut : Mayor KKO Pramuko Sudarno, Letkol Laut Ranu Sunardi dan Komodor Laut Soenardi. Angkatan Udara : Men/Pangau Laksda Udara Omar Dhani, Letkol Udara Heru Atmodjo dan Mayor Udara Sujono. Kepolisian : Brigjen Pol. Soetarto, Kombes Pol. Imam Supoyo dan AKBP Anwas Tanuamidjaja.

*Tgl 1 Oktober 1965 :*

PKI di Yogyakarta juga Membunuh Brigjen Katamso Darmokusumo dan Kolonel Sugiono. Lalu di Jakarta PKI mengumumkan terbentuknya DEWAN REVOLUSI baru yg telah mengambil Alih Kekuasaan.

*Tgl 2 Oktober 1965 :*

Letjen TNI Soeharto mengambil alih Kepemimpinan TNI dan menyatakan Kudeta PKI gagal dan mengirim TNI AD menyerbu dan merebut Pangkalan Udara Halim Perdanakusuma dari PKI.

*Tgl 6 Oktober 1965 :*

Soekarnom

enggelar Pertemuan Kabinet dan Menteri PKI ikut hadir serta berusaha Melegalkan G30S, tapi ditolak, bahkan Terbit Resolusi Kecaman terhadap G30S, lalu usai rapat Nyoto pun langsung ditangkap.

*Tgl 13 Oktober 1965 :*

Ormas Anshor NU gelar Aksi unjuk rasa Anti PKI di Seluruh Jawa.

*Tgl 18 Oktober 1965 :*

PKI menyamar sebagai Anshor Desa Karangasem (kini Desa Yosomulyo) Kecamatan Gambiran, lalu mengundang Anshor Kecamatan Muncar untuk Pengajian. Saat Pemuda Anshor Muncar datang, mereka disambut oleh Gerwani yang menyamar sebagai Fatayat NU, lalu mereka diracuni, setelah Keracunan mereka di Bantai oleh PKI dan Jenazahnya dibuang ke Lubang Buaya di Dusun Cemetuk Desa/Kecamatan Cluring Kabupaten Banyuwangi. Sebanyak 62 (enam puluh dua) orang Pemuda Anshor yang dibantai, dan ada beberapa pemuda yang selamat dan melarikan diri, sehingga menjadi Saksi Mata peristiwa. Peristiwa Tragis itu disebut Tragedi Cemetuk, dan kini oleh masyarakat secara swadaya dibangun Monumen Pancasila Jaya.

*Tgl 19 Oktober 1965 :* Anshor NU dan PKI mulai bentrok di berbagai daerah di Jawa.

*Tgl 11 November 1965 :* 

PNI dan PKI bentrok di Bali.

Tgl 22 November 1965 : DN Aidit ditangkap dan diadili serta di Hukum Mati.

Bulan Desember 1965 : Aceh dinyatakan telah bersih dari PKI.

*Tgl 11 Maret 1966 :*

Terbit Surat Perintah Sebelas Maret (Supersemar) dari Presiden Soekarno yg memberi wewenang penuh kepada Letjen TNI Soeharto untuk mengambil langkah Pengamanan Negara RI.

B

*Tgl 12 Maret 1966 :*

Soeharto melarang secara resmi PKI. 

*Bulan April 1966 :*

Soeharto melarang Serikat Buruh Pro PKI yaitu SOBSI.

*Tgl 13 Februari 1966 :*

Bung Karno masih tetap membela PKI, bahkan secara terbuka di dalam pidatonya di muka Front Nasional di Senayan mengatakan : ”Di Indonesia ini tidak ada partai yang Pengorbanannya terhadap Nusa dan Bangsa sebesar PKI…”

*Tgl 5 Juli 1966 :* 

Terbit TAP MPRS No.XXV Tahun 1966 yang ditanda-tangani Ketua MPRS–RI Jenderal TNI AH.Nasution tentang Pembubaran PKI dan Pelarangan penyebaran Paham Komunisme, Marxisme dan Leninisme.

Bulan Desember 1966 :

Sudisman mencoba menggantikan Aidit dan Nyoto untuk membangun kembali PKI, tapi ditangkap dan dijatuhi Hukuman Mati pada tahun 1967.

Tahun 1967 : 

Sejumlah kader PKI seperti Rewang, Oloan Hutapea dan Ruslan Widjajasastra, bersembunyi di wilayah terpencil di Blitar Selatan bersama Kaum Tani PKI.

*Bulan Maret 1968 :*

Kaum Tani PKI di Blitar Selatan menyerang para Pemimpin dan Kader NU, sehingga 60 (enam puluh) Orang NU tewas dibunuh.

*Pertengahan 1968 :*

TNI menyerang Blitar Selatan dan menghancurkan persembunyian terakhir PKI. Dari tahun 1968 s/d 1998 Sepanjang Orde Baru secara resmi PKI dan seluruh mantel organisasiya dilarang di Seluruh Indonesia dgn dasar TAP MPRS No.XXV Tahun 1966. Dari tahun 1998 s/d 2015

*Pasca Reformasi 1998*

Pimpinan dan Anggota PKI yg dibebaskan dari Penjara, beserta keluarga dan simpatisanya yg masih mengusung IDEOLOGI KOMUNIS, justru menjadi pihak paling diuntungkan, sehingga kini mereka meraja-lela melakukan aneka gerakan pemutar balikkan Fakta Sejarah dan memposisikan PKI sebagai PAHLAWAN Pejuang Kemerdekaan RI. Sejarah Kekejaman PKI yg sangat panjang, dan jgn biarkan mereka menambah lagi daftar kekejamanya di negeri tercinta ini.

Semoga Tuhan YME senantiasa melindungi kita semujna

*BAGIKAN SEJARAH INI.* 

*JADIKAN PELAJARAN*

*BUAT GENERASI YANG AKAN DATANG*

Menjadi ASN Profesional : Gratis Ebook Resmi Latihan SOAL CPNS Versi PDF

Menjadi ASN Profesional : Gratis Ebook Resmi Latihan SOAL CPNS Versi PDF

Senior High School   September 29, 2019

Download Gratis Ebook Resmi  Latihan Soal CPNS Versi PDF

Assalamualaikum wr.wb
Banyak diantara kalangan masyarakat yang ingin menjadi ASN karena banyaknya gaji dan tunjangan yang diberikan. Tidak tanggung-tanggung, bahkan seorang CPNS pun dalam sebulan mendapatkan take home pay 5 juta (Kemenkumham untuk tingkat SMA) belum ditambah uang jika ada kegiatan. Namun untuk bisa menjadi seorang ASN, maka diharuskan melalui 4 tahapan test dan keempat-empatnya harus lulus. Adapun keempat test tersebut :

1. Test seleksi berkas pendaftaran 
2. Test SKD atau dikenal Seleksi Kompetensi Dasar.
3. Test SKB atau Test Seleksi  Kompetensi Bidang, terakhir 
4. Pemberkasan, bagi yang tidak lengkap pemberkasan maka dinyatakan tidak lulus 

Apalagi terdengar kabar resmi dari BKN bahwa pengumuman pembukaan pendaftaran CPNS sebentar lagi yaitu bulan Oktober setelah pelantikan presiden terbaru.  Adapun Pengumuman Resminya adalah :

Oktober  : pengumuman Pendaftaran
November : Pembukaan Pendaftaran

Dengan adanya kabar segar tersebut, banyak dari kalangan masyarakat yang pasti ingin mendaftar menjadis seorang ASN
Semoga bermanfaat ya... Kami berharap, kalian yang mendownload ebook ini, berhasil menjadi ASN..Aamiin..

Linknya dapat diklik disini 

Gratis Naskah Asli Soal Ujian Nasional (UN) SMA/SMK Tahun 2019 Versi PDF

Gratis Naskah Asli Soal Ujian Nasional (UN) SMA/SMK Tahun 2019 Versi PDF

Senior High School   September 29, 2019

sumber: filckr.com

Naskah Asli Soal Ujian Nasional (UN) SMA/SMK Tahun 2019 Semua Mata Pelajaran Versi Pdf

Assalamu'alaikum Wr.Wb
Untuk Membantu anak-anak kami, kami bermaksud membagikan soal UN Asli Versi Pdf. Dengan harapan adik-adik dapat terbantu dengan soal-soal yang kami bagikan. Soal-soal tersebut mencakup semua mata pelajaran :

1. Matematika Ipa
2. Matematika Ips
3. Fisika
4. Kimia
5. Biologi
6. Bahasa Inggris
7. Bahasa Indonesia
8. Ekonomi
9. Geografi
10. Sosiologi

Soal-soal yang akan kami bagikan merupakan soal hasil scan naskah asli soal yang diujikan pada ujian nasional SMA/SMK tahun 2019 bulan april lalu, jadi dapat kami pastikan bahwa soal - soal ini dapat digunakan sebagai referensi adik -adik sekalian untuk menghadapi UN tahun ajaran 2020.

Untuk Mendownloadnya silahkan klik link dibawah ini :

Matematika IPA

Link Disini

Matematika IPS

Link Disini

Fisika

Link Disini

Kimia

Link Disini

Biologi

Link Disini

Bahasa Inggris

Link Disini

Bahasa Indonesia

Link Disini

Ekonomi

Link Disini

Geografi

Link Disini

Sosiologi

Link Disini

Semoga dengan ini, adik - adik sekalian mendapatkan hasil nilai UN dengan hasil yang adik - adik harapkan. Aamiin

Dibuka Jasa Layanan Les Private Daerah Banjaramasin Kota dan Luar Daerah

Dibuka Jasa Layanan Les Private Daerah Banjaramasin Kota dan Luar Daerah

Senior High School   August 17, 2019

Assalamu'alaikum Wr.Wb

Telah dibuka jasa layanan les private khusus Mata Pelajaran Fisika Tingkat SMP, SMA dan Kuliah Secara intensif dengan biaya sekitar Rp 75.000 - Rp 150.000 (Bisa dibacarakan melalui telepon/ Whats App sesuai kesanggupannya masing-masing dan tergantung jarak yang ditempuh pengajar). Les Private fisika untuk daerah Banjarmasin Kota, Pengajar akan datang langsung kerumah atau siswa bisa datang langsung ketempat pengajarnya. Khusus untuk daerah diluar banjarmasin kota, bisa melakukan bimbel online melalui whats app berupa sharing-sharing mata pelajaran fisika yang tidak dipahami dan akan dijelaskan langsung secara khusus melalui whats app.  Kami juga membuka jasa layanan pengerjaan tugas fisika dengan biaya yang murah yaitu Rp. 5000 per butir soal baik tingkat SMP, dan SMA. Jangan khawatir kami pengajar ahli dan profesional, sehingga pelanggan kami tidak akan kecewa terhadap layanan jas les private kami.

Profil :
Nama : Mitra Yadiannur, M.Pd

Latar Belakang Pendidikan :

1. S1 Pendidikan Fisika - Universitas  Mulawaran
2. S2 Pendidikan Fisika _ Universitas Negeri Yogyakarta

Pengalaman Mengajar :

1. Bimbingan Belajar Ganesha Operation Tahun 2013- 2015
2. Bimbingan Belajar Elektron Tahun 2015
3. Pengajar di SMA Islam Terpadu Granada Tahun 2017-2019
4. Dosen Teknik Sipil di Politeknik Negeri Banjarmasin Tahun 2019 - Sekarang

Jika Bapak/Ibu berminat bisa menghubungi kami di nomor 081939971679. Sangat Besar Harapan Kami jika Bapak/Ibu dapat bekerja sama dengan kami.

Best Regard

Mitra Yadiannur, M.Pd

Study Physics Part 1 : Real Life Applications Frame of Reference

Study Physics Part 1 : Real Life Applications Frame of Reference

Senior High School   June 19, 2019

FRAME OF REFERENCE

CONCEPT

Among the many specific concepts the student of physics must learn, perhaps none is so deceptively simple as frame of reference. On the surface, it seems obvious that in order to make observations, one must do so from a certain point in space and time. Yet, when the implications of this idea are explored, the fuller complexities begin to reveal themselves. Hence the topic occurs at least twice in most physics textbooks: early on, when the simplest principles are explained—and near the end, at the frontiers of the most intellectually challenging discoveries in science.

HOW IT WORKS

There is an old story from India that aptly illustrates how frame of reference affects an understanding of physical properties, and indeed of the larger setting in which those properties are manifested. It is said that six blind men were presented with an elephant, a creature of which they had no previous knowledge, and each explained what he thought the elephant was.

The first felt of the elephant’s side, and told the others that the elephant was like a wall. The second, however, grabbed the elephant’s trunk, and concluded that an elephant was like a snake. The third blind man touched the smooth surface of its tusk, and was impressed to discover that the elephant was a hard, spear-like creature. Fourth came a man who touched the elephant’s legs, and therefore decided that it was like a tree trunk. However, the fifth man, after feeling of its tail, disdainfully announced that the elephant was nothing but a frayed piece of rope. Last of all, the sixth blind man, standing beside the elephant’s slowly flapping ear, felt of the ear itself and determined that the elephant was a sort of living fan.

These six blind men went back to their city, and each acquired followers after the manner of religious teachers. Their devotees would then argue with one another, the snake school of thought competing with adherents of the fan doctrine, the rope philosophy in conflict with the tree trunk faction, and so on. The only person who did not join in these debates was a seventhblind man, much older than the others, who had visited the elephant after the other six. While the others rushed off with their separate conclusions, the seventh blind man had taken the time to pet the elephant, to walk all around it, to smell it, to feed it, and to listen to the sounds it made. When he returned to the city and found the populace in a state of uproar between the six factions, the old man laughed to himself: he was the only person in the city who was not convinced he knew exactly what an elephant was like.

REAL-LIFE APPLICATIONS

Points and Graphs
There is no such thing as an absolute frame of reference—that is, a frame of reference that is fixed, and not dependent on anything else. If the entire universe consisted of just two points, it would be impossible (and indeed irrelevant) to say which was to the right of the other. There would be no right and left: in order to have such a distinction, it is necessary to have a third point from which to evaluate the other two points.

As long as there are just two points, there is only one dimension. The addition of a third
point-as long as it does not lie along a straight line drawn through the first two points-creates two dimensions, length and width. From the frame of reference of any one point, then, it is possible to say which of the other two points is to the right.

Clearly, the judgment of right or left is relative, since it changes from point to point. A more
absolute judgment (but still not a completely absolute one) would only be possible from the frame of reference of a fourth point. But to constitute a new dimension, that fourth point could not lie on the same plane as the other three points—more specifically, it should not be possible to create a single plane that encompasses all four points.

Assuming that condition is met, however, it then becomes easier to judge right and left. Yet right and left are never fully absolute, a fact easily illustrated bysubstituting people for points. One may look at two objects and judge which is to the right of the other, but if one stands on one’s head, then of course right and left become reversed.

Of course, when someone is upside-down, the correct orientation of left and right is still fairly obvious. In certain situations observed by physicists and other scientists, however, orientation is not so simple. It then becomes necessary to assign values to various points, and for this, scientists use tools such as the Cartesian coordinate system.

COORDINATES AND AXES. Though it is named after the French mathematician and philosopher René Descartes (15961650), who first described its principles, the Cartesian system owes at least as much to Pierre de Fermat (1601-1665). Fermat, a brilliant French amateur mathematician-amateur in the sense that he was not trained in mathematics, nor did he earn a living from that discipline—greatly developed the Cartesian system. A coordinate is a number or set of numbers used to specify the location of a point on a line, on a surface such as a plane, or in space. In the Cartesian system, the x-axis is the horizontal line of reference, and the y-axis the vertical line of reference. Hence, the coordinate (0, 0) designates the point where the x- and y-axes meet. All numbers to the right of 0 on the x-axis, and above 0 on the y-axis, have a positive value, while those to the left of 0 on the x-axis, or below 0 on the y-axis have a negative value.

Reference :

Judson Knight. 2002.Science Of Everyday Things Volume 2 Real Life Physics. Michigan : Gale Group Thomson Learning

Melayani Jasa Pengerjaan PR FISIKA Tingkat SMP dan SMA

Melayani Jasa Pengerjaan PR FISIKA Tingkat SMP dan SMA

Senior High School   February 28, 2019

Assalamualaikum Wr.Wb

Melayani Jasa Pengerjaan PR FISIKA Tingkat SMP dan SMA

Halo agan-agan, saya membuka jasa pengerjaan PR khusus fisika tingkat SMP dan SMA,. Tiap soal yang diberikan akan kami kerjakan dalam sehari atau sesuai permintaan agan-agan. Ada tapinya...hehehehe... per nomor soal dihargai Rp. 5.000, -... gak kemahalan kan ???  bagi agan-agan yang berminat bisa langsung menghubungi saya lewat Whatsapp (082152376900). Pembayaran lewat transfer bank..hehehehhe....

Jangan khawatir, tiap soal yang dikerjakan insya allah tidak akan ada yang salah dan tidak sembarangan dalam pengerjaannya, karena saya sendiri lulusan fisika, pengalaman sebagai pengajar di bimbingan belajar Ganesha Operation selama 2 tahun terakhir.

Langsung Saja bagi agan-agan yang berminat bisa menghubungi saya lewat Whatsapp ya.........

" Kebahagian kalian ketika tugas selesai adalah kebahagian saya "

Update 29 juni 2019
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Do you Know Physics ?

Do you Know Physics ?

Senior High School   February 28, 2018

(source :physics)

Do you Know Physics ?

Physics, the most fundamental physical science, is concerned with the basic principles of the Universe. It is the foundation upon which the other sciences astronomy, biology, chemistry, and geology are based. The beauty of physics lies in the simplicity of the fundamental physical theories and in the manner in which just a small number of fundamental concepts, equations, and assumptions can alter and expand our view of the world around us.

The study of physics can be divided into six main areas:
1. classical mechanics, which is concerned with the motion of objects that are large relative to atoms and move at speeds much slower than the speed of light;
2. relativity, which is a theory describing objects moving at any speed, even speeds approaching the speed of light;
3. thermodynamics, which deals with heat, work, temperature, and the statistical behavior of systems with large numbers of particles;
4. electromagnetism, which is concerned with electricity, magnetism, and electromagnetic fields;
5. optics, which is the study of the behavior of light and its interaction with materials;
6. quantum mechanics, a collection of theories connecting the behavior of matter at the submicroscopic level to macroscopic observations.
 

The disciplines of mechanics and electromagnetism are basic to all other branches of classical physics (developed before 1900) and modern physics (c. 1900–present). The first part of this textbook deals with classical mechanics, sometimes referred to as Newtonian mechanics or simply mechanics. This is an appropriate place to begin an introductory text because many of the basic principles used to understand mechanical systems can later be used to describe such natural phenomena as waves and the transfer of energy by heat. Furthermore, the laws of conservation of energy and momentum introduced in mechanics retain their importance in the fundamental theories of other areas of physics.
 

Today, classical mechanics is of vital importance to students from all disciplines. It is highly successful in describing the motions of different objects, such as planets, rockets, and baseballs. In the first part of the text, we shall describe the laws of classical mechanics and examine a wide range of phenomena that can be understood with these fundamental ideas.

Story About Isaac Newton

Story About Isaac Newton

Senior High School   February 17, 2018

ISAAC NEWTON 

Born in 1643 in Woolsthorpe, England, Sir Isaac Newton began developing his influential theories on light, calculus and celestial mechanics while on break from Cambridge University. Years of research culminated with the 1687 publication of “Principia,” a landmark work that established the universal laws of motion and gravity. Newton’s second major book, “Opticks,” detailed his experiments to determine the properties of light. Also a student of Biblical history and alchemy, the famed scientist served as president of the Royal Society of London and master of England’s Royal Mint until his death in 1727.

Isaac Newton was born on January 4, 1643, in Woolsthorpe, Lincolnshire, England. The son of a farmer, who died three months before he was born, Newton spent most of his early years with his maternal grandmother after his mother remarried. His education interrupted by a failed attempt to turn him into a farmer, he attended the King’s School in Grantham before enrolling at the University of Cambridge’s Trinity College in 1661.

Newton studied a classical curriculum at Cambridge, but he became fascinated by the works of modern philosophers such as René Descartes, even devoting a set of notes to his outside readings he titled “Quaestiones Quaedam Philosophicae” (“Certain Philosophical Questions”). When the Great Plague shuttered Cambridge in 1665, Newton returned home and began formulating his theories on calculus, light and color, his farm the setting for the supposed falling apple that inspired his work on gravity.

Newton returned to Cambridge in 1667 and was elected a minor fellow. He constructed the first reflecting telescope in 1668, and the following year he received his Master of Arts degree and took over as Cambridge’s Lucasian Professor of Mathematics. Asked to give a demonstration of his telescope to the Royal Society of London in 1671, he was elected to the Royal Society the following year and published his notes on optics for his peers.

Through his experiments with refraction, Newton determined that white light was a composite of all the colors on the spectrum, and he asserted that light was composed of particles instead of waves. His methods drew sharp rebuke from established Society member Robert Hooke, who was unsparing again with Newton’s follow-up paper in 1675. Known for his temperamental defense of his work, Newton engaged in heated correspondence with Hooke before suffering a nervous breakdown and withdrawing from the public eye in 1678. In the following years, he returned to his earlier studies on the forces governing gravity and dabbled in alchemy.

In 1684, English astronomer Edmund Halley paid a visit to the secluded Newton. Upon learning that Newton had mathematically worked out the elliptical paths of celestial bodies, Halley urged him to organize his notes. The result was the 1687 publication of “Philosophiae Naturalis Principia Mathematica” (Mathematical Principles of Natural Philosophy), which established the three laws of motion and the law of universal gravity. Principia propelled Newton to stardom in intellectual circles, eventually earning universal acclaim as one of the most important works of modern science.

With his newfound influence, Newton opposed the attempts of King James II to reinstitute Catholic teachings at English Universities, and was elected to represent Cambridge in Parliament in 1689. He moved to London permanently after being named warden of the Royal Mint in 1696, earning a promotion to master of the Mint three years later. Determined to prove his position wasn’t merely symbolic, Newton moved the pound sterling from the silver to the gold standard and sought to punish counterfeiters.

The death of Hooke in 1703 allowed Newton to take over as president of the Royal Society, and the following year he published his second major work, “Opticks.” Composed largely from his earlier notes on the subject, the book detailed Newton’s painstaking experiments with refraction and the color spectrum, closing with his ruminations on such matters as energy and electricity. In 1705, he was knighted by Queen Anne of England.

Around this time, the debate over Newton’s claims to originating the field of calculus exploded into a nasty dispute. Newton had developed his concept of “fluxions” (differentials) in the mid 1660s to account for celestial orbits, though there was no public record of his work. In the meantime, German mathematician Gottfried Leibniz formulated his own mathematical theories and published them in 1684. As president of the Royal Society, Newton oversaw an investigation that ruled his work to be the founding basis of the field, but the debate continued even after Leibniz’s death in 1716. Researchers later concluded that both men likely arrived at their conclusions independent of one another.

Newton was also an ardent student of history and religious doctrines, his writings on those subjects compiled into multiple books that were published posthumously. Having never married, Newton spent his later years living with his niece at Cranbury Park, near Winchester, England. He died on March 31, 1727, and was buried in Westminster Abbey.

A giant even among the brilliant minds that drove the Scientific Revolution, Newton is remembered as a transformative scholar, inventor and writer. He eradicated any doubts about the heliocentric model of the universe by establishing celestial mechanics, his precise methodology giving birth to what is known as the scientific method. Although his theories of space-time and gravity eventually gave way to those of Albert Einstein, his work remains the bedrock on which modern physics was built.

Albert Einstein Biography and his history

Albert Einstein Biography and his history

Senior High School   February 13, 2018

(source :Einstein)

My best Inspiration Albert Einstein 

Born: March 14, 1879
Ulm, Germany
Died: April 18, 1955
Princeton, Massachusetts German-born American physicist and scientist

The German-born American physicist (one who studies matter and energy and the relationships between them) Albert Einstein revolutionized the science of physics. He is best known for his theory of relativity, which holds that measurements of space and time vary according to conditions such as the state of motion of the observer.

Early years and education

Albert Einstein was born on March 14, 1879, in Ulm, Germany, but he grew up and obtained his early education in Munich, Germany. He was a poor student, and some of his teachers thought he might be retarded (mentally handicapped); he was unable to speak fluently (with ease and grace) at age nine. Still, he was fascinated by the laws of nature, experiencing a deep feeling of wonder when puzzling over the invisible, yet real, force directing the needle of a compass. He began playing the violin at age six and would continue to play throughout his life. At age twelve he discovered geometry (the study of points, lines, and surfaces) and was taken by its clear and certain proofs. Einstein mastered calculus (a form of higher mathematics used to solve problems in physics and engineering) by age sixteen. 

Einstein's formal secondary education ended at age sixteen. He disliked school, and just as he was planning to find a way to leave without hurting his chances for entering the university, his teacher expelled him because his bad attitude was affecting his classmates. Einstein tried to enter the Federal Institute of Technology (FIT) in Zurich, Switzerland, but his knowledge of subjects other than mathematics was not up to par, and he failed the entrance examination. On the advice of the principal, he first obtained his diploma at the Cantonal School in Aarau, Switzerland, and in 1896 he was automatically admitted into the FIT. There he came to realize that he was more interested in and better suited for physics than mathematics. 

Einstein passed his examination to graduate from the FIT in 1900, but due to the opposition of one of his professors he was unable to go on to obtain the usual university assistantship. In 1902 he was hired as an inspector in the patent office in Bern, Switzerland. Six months later he married Mileva Maric, a former classmate in Zurich. They had two sons. It was in Bern, too, that Einstein, at twenty-six, completed the requirements for his doctoral degree and wrote the first of his revolutionary scientific papers.

Famous papers

Thermodynamics (the study of heat processes) made the deepest impression on Einstein. From 1902 until 1904 he reworked the foundations of thermodynamics and statistical mechanics (the study of forces and their effect on matter); this work formed the immediate background to his revolutionary papers of 1905, one of which was on Brownian motion. 

In Brownian motion, first observed in 1827 by the Scottish botanist (scientist who studies plants) Robert Brown (1773–1858), small particles suspended in a liquid such as water undergo a rapid, irregular motion. Einstein, unaware of Brown's earlier observations, concluded from his studies that such a motion must exist. He was guided by the thought that if the liquid in which the particles are suspended is made up of atoms, they should collide with the particles and set them into motion. He found that the motion of the particles will in time experience a forward movement. Einstein proved that this forward movement is directly related to the number of atoms per gram of atomic weight. Brownian motion is to this day considered one of the most direct proofs of the existence of atoms. 

Another of Einstein's ideas in 1905 was that under certain conditions radiant energy (light) behaves as if it is made up not of waves but of particles of energy. He presented an equation for the photoelectric effect, in which electrons (particles in the outer portion of an atom that are said to have a "negative" electrical charge equal to that of protons, particles with a larger mass that are said to have a "positive" electrical charge) are ejected from a metal surface that has been exposed to light. Einstein proved that the electrons are not ejected in a constant stream but like bullets from a gun, in units, or "quanta." Although Einstein's famous equation for the photoelectric effect—for which he won the Nobel Prize in physics in 1921—appears obvious today, it was an extremely bold prediction in 1905. Not until years later did R. A. Millikan finally succeed in confirming it to everyone's everyone's satisfaction. The theory of relativity came from Einstein's search for a general law of nature that would explain a problem that had occurred to him when he was sixteen: if one runs at, say, 4 4 miles per hour (6.4 kilometers per hour) alongside a train that is moving at 4 4 miles per hour, the train appears to be at rest; if, on the other hand, it were possible to run alongside a ray of light, neither experiment nor theory suggests that the ray of light would appear to be at rest. Einstein realized that no matter what speed the observer is moving at, he must always observe the same velocity of light, which is roughly 186,000 miles per second (299,274 kilometers per second). He also saw that this was in agreement with a second assumption: if an observer at rest and an observer moving at constant speed carry out the same kind of experiment, they must get the same result. These two assumptions make up Einstein's special theory of relativity. Also in 1905 Einstein proved that his theory predicted that energy (E) and mass (m) are entirely related according to his famous equation, E=mc ² . This means that the energy in any particle is equal to the particle's mass multiplied by the speed of light squared.

Academic career

These papers made Einstein famous, and universities soon began competing for his services. In 1909, after serving as a lecturer at the University of Bern, Einstein was called as an associate professor to the University of Zurich. Two years later he was appointed a full professor at the German University in Prague, Czechoslovakia. Within another year-and-a-half Einstein became a full professor at the FIT. Finally, in 1913 the well-known scientists Max Planck (1858–1947) and Walther Nernst (1864–1941) traveled to Zurich to persuade Einstein to accept a lucrative (profitable) research professorship at the University of Berlin in Germany, as well as full membership in the Prussian Academy of Science. He accepted their offer in 1914, saying, "The Germans are gambling on me as they would on a prize hen. I do not really know myself whether I shall ever really lay another egg." When he went to Berlin, his wife remained behind in Zurich with their two sons; they divorced, and Einstein married his cousin Elsa in 1917. 

In 1920 Einstein was appointed to a lifelong honorary visiting professorship at the University of Leiden in Holland. In 1921 and 1922 Einstein, accompanied by Chaim Weizmann (1874–1952), the future president of the state of Israel, traveled all over the world to win support for the cause of Zionism (the establishing of an independent Jewish state). In Germany, where hatred of Jewish people was growing, the attacks on Einstein began. Philipp Lenard and Johannes Stark, both Nobel Prize–winning physicists, began referring to Einstein's theory of relativity as "Jewish physics." These kinds of attacks increased until Einstein resigned from the Prussian Academy of Science in 1933.

Career in America

On several occasions Einstein had visited the California Institute of Technology, and on his last trip to the United States he was offered a position in the newly established Institute for Advanced Studies in Princeton, Massachusetts. He went there in 1933. 

Einstein played a key role (1939) in the construction of the atomic bomb by signing a famous letter to President Franklin D. Roosevelt (1882–1945). It said that the Germans had made scientific advances and that it was possible that Adolf Hitler (1889–1945, the German leader whose actions led to World War II [1939–45]), might become the first to have atomic weapons. This led to an all-out U.S. effort to construct such a bomb. Einstein was deeply shocked and saddened when his famous equation E=mc² was finally demonstrated in the most awesome and terrifying way by using the bomb to destroy Hiroshima, Japan, in 1945. For a long time he could only utter "Horrible, horrible." 

It would be difficult to find a more suitable epitaph (a brief statement summing up a person's person's life) than the words Einstein himself used in describing his life: "God …gave me the stubbornness of a mule and nothing else; really …He also gave me a keen scent." On April 18, 1955, Einstein died in Princeton.

For More Information

Cwiklik, Robert. Albert Einstein and the Theory of Relativity. New York: Barron's Educational Series, 1987.
Goldberg, Jake. Albert Einstein. New York: Franklin Watts, 1996.
Goldenstern, Joyce. Albert Einstein: Physicist and Genius. Springfield, NJ: Enslow Publishers, 1995.
Hammontree, Marie. Albert Einstein: Young Thinker. New York: Aladdin, 1986.
Ireland, Karin. Albert Einstein. Englewood Cliffs, NJ: Silver Burdett Press, 1989.
McPherson, Stephanie Sammartino. Ordinary Genius: The Story of Albert Einstein. Minneapolis: Carolrhoda Books, 1995.

Read more : Albert Einstein

Physics Problem 1

Physics Problem 1

Senior High School   February 11, 2018

(source :Physics)

This question are designed to  inspire you to think about physics at a deeper level.  This question is a best resource for students who want be better quality problems to practice with when studying for tests and exams.

Problem # 1

Do heavier objects fall more slowly than lighter objects?
 
Problem # 2

Why do objects float in liquids denser than themselves?
 
Problem # 3

A particle is moving around in a circle and its position is given in polar coordinates as x = R cos θ, and y = R sin θ, where R is the radius of the circle, and θ is in radians. From these equations derive the equation for centripetal acceleration.
 
Problem # 4

How come in free fall you feel weightless even though gravity is pulling down on you? (ignore air resistance when answering this question).
 
Problem # 5

What is the difference between centripetal acceleration and centrifugal force?
 

Problem # 6

What is the difference between energy and power?
 

Problem # 7

Two identical cars collide head on. Each car is traveling at 100 km/h. The impact force on each car is the same as hitting a solid wall at:

(a) 100 km/h

(b) 200 km/h

(c) 150 km/h

(d) 50 km/h
 
Problem # 8

Why is it possible to drive a nail into a piece of wood with a hammer, but it is not possible to push a nail in by hand?
 
Problem # 9

An archer pulls back 0.75 m on a bow which has a stiffness of 200 N/m. The arrow weighs 50 g. What is the velocity of the arrow immediately after release?
 
Problem # 10

When a moving car encounters a patch of ice the brakes are applied. Why is it desirable to keep the wheels rolling on the ice without locking up? 

Solutions For this question : physics problem 1